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The CPU, or central processing unit, is often referred to as the "computer". It is the heart and brains of a typical desktop system. It is 'central', as it is the hub to which the other components are connected. This one component can be replaced or upgraded while keeping the remaining components as a cost savings.

The display or monitor provides video output. It connects to the graphic video output of the CPU. Technology has evolved from CRT (cathode ray tube) at left to LCD (liquid crystal display) shown on the right. The CRT display costs have dropped rapidly with the advent of the compact, lighter, and more energy efficient LCD counterparts. The monitors are distinguished by screen size, measured diagonally across the display area. Typical sizes are 15", 17", 20" and 21". Many televisions now come with connections for computers' video output. The physical connection is usually 15 pin VGA or DVI from the CPU to a monitor.

The keyboard is the primary input device for the CPU. Keyboards come in a variety of styles, functionality, and designs. However, a basic design is sufficient for typical users. Choice is mostly a personal preference. Keyboards are often matched with the mouse in design, particularly with retail 'complete' systems or wireless keyboard/mouse sets.

The mouse is a hand-manipulated input device giving you shortcuts and flexibility for performing common tasks. Choice is mostly a personal preference. However, there are many useful technologies available to you. Frequent users may prefer an optical and/or wireless mouse. An optical mouse won't pickup dust, eliminating cleanout and erratic mouse behavior. It also works on any flat service, eliminating the need for a mouse pad. The wireless mouse has no cord, which can bind and interfere with usage. Mice are often matched with the keyboard in design, particularly with retail 'complete' systems or wireless keyboard/mouse sets.

The speakers provide you with audio output. Akin to keyboards, they come in a variety of styles, functionality, and designs.